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Total Number of Subscribers: 426 |
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Date: 23 May 2008 |
Compiled by Mr. M. Sathya Kumar |
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Decision Support Systems: An overview Decision is most important in any
organization. One wrong decision causes many problem in organization it
affects on whole organizational environment as well as external environment. Let us Define Decision making which is a process of choosing
among alternative courses of action for the purpose of attaining a goal or
goals. According to Simon (1977), managerial decision-making is synonymous
with the whole process of management. Consider the important managerial
function of planning. Planning involves a series of decisions. What
should be done? when? How Where? By whom? Hence planning implies
decision-making. Other functions in the management process such as organizing
and controlling also involve making decisions. What is A DSS ? DSS is "MODEL - BASED set of
procedures for processing data and judgments to assist a manager in his
decision making. DSS is identified it as a system intended to support
managerial decision makers in semi structured decision situations. It helps
decision makers to extend their capabilities but not to replace their
decisions.
1. DSS provide support for decision
makers mainly semi structured and unstructured situations by bringing
together human judgment and computer.
Classification
of DSS Test-oriented DSS Information is often stored in a textual format and must be
accessed by decision makers. This text document can be refer by decision
maker as and when required.. Information technologies such as Web based
documents. Database-oriented DSS In this type of DSS the database organization plays a major role
in the DSS structure Spreadsheet-oriented DSS A spreadsheet is a modeling language that allows the user to
write models to execute DSS analysis Solver oriented DSS: A solver is an procedure written as
a computer program for performing certain computations for solving a
particular problem type. Rule-oriented DSS: The knowledge component of DSS
described earlier includes both procedural rules. An airlines DSS : an analytical information Management System is
a decision support system used in the airline industry. It was developed by
American Airlines but is used by other airlines, aircraft manufacturers , and
airline financial analysts , consultants, and associations. It supports a
variety of airline decisions by studying factors such as aircraft utilization
seating capacity and utilization ,traffic statistics, market share and
revenue and profitability results.. A marketing DSS :- Brandaid is a DSS used for marketing planning
especially in the packaged goods industries. It helps brand managers
make pricing, sales effort, promotion, advertising, and budgeting decisions
for products, product lines and brands of products. It produces sales
forecasts and profitability estimates using internal and external data about
customers, competitors retailers, and other economic and demographic
information. A government DSS GADS (Geodata Analysis and Display
System) was developed by IBM. It constructs and displays maps and other
graphics displays that support decisions affecting the geographic
distribution of people and other resources. E.G. it can analyze and display
the geographic distribution of crimes and thus help decide how to assign
police to geographic areas of a city. It has also been used for urban growth
studies defining school district boundaries, and fire department inspection
and equipment deployment.. A Banking DSS: MAPP(Managerial Analysis for profit
planning ) is a DSS developed by city bank. It was designed to support
decisions involved in the financial planning, budgeting costing and pricing
of bank products . It helps bank executives define banking products and
services and identify the cost incurred in providing them. I also helps
determine how resources should be shifted among bank products and services,
and it prepares budges for the bank departments producing each banking
product. DSS AND THE WEB CONNECTION: Two recent developments in computer technology provide a fertile
ground for new or enhanced DSS application . The first one is Web
technologies (Internet,intranet, and extranets), and the second one is
enterprise software such as ERP and SCM. The Web development is divided into to two categories: DSS development The Web can be used for collecting both external and internal
data for the DSS database. In addition the web can be used to download DSS
software or to use DSS application provided by the company. DSS Use The DSS is used on the Web in several ways. First users can go
on the intranet and activate ready-made DSS applications Namely all they have
to do is to enter some data, or specify dates and other information . Dss can
get online advice and help for using DSS application . They can communicate
with others regarding the interpretation of the DSS results. Group Support System(GSS) : Most major
decisions are made collectively . Working in a group may be complicated
process, and it can be supported by computers is called Group support system. Courtesy : Mrs. Manjusha Inamdar, Faculty
member in a reputed college |
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