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Total Number of Subscribers: 422 |
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Date:14 March 2008 |
Compiled by :M. Sathya Kumar |
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It’s IS An Information System (IS) is the system of persons, data records and
activities that process the data and information in a given
organization, including manual processes or automated processes. Management information Systems (MIS), sometimes referred
to as Information Management and Systems, is the discipline covering
the application of people, technologies, and procedures, collectively called information systems - to solving
business problems. Management Information Systems are distinct from regular
information systems in that they are used to analyze other information
systems applied in operational activities in the organization. Academically,
the term is commonly used to refer to the group of information management
methods tied to the automation or support of human decision making, e.g. Decision Support Systems, Expert systems,
and Executive information systems. Decision support systems (DSS) are a class of
computer-based information systems including knowledge based systems that support decision
making activities. Because there are many approaches to
decision-making and because of the wide range of domains in which decisions
are made, the concept of decision
support system (DSS) is very broad. A DSS can take many different forms. In
general, we can say that a DSS is a computerized system for helping make
decisions. A decision is a choice between alternatives
based on estimates of the values of those alternatives. Supporting a decision
means helping people working alone or in a group gather intelligence,
generate alternatives and make choices. Supporting the choice making process
involves supporting the estimation, the evaluation and / or the comparison of
alternatives. In practice, references to DSS are usually references to
computer applications that perform such a supporting role An expert system, also known as a knowledge based system, is a computer
program that contains the knowledge and analytical skills of one or
more human experts, related to a specific subject. An expert system is a software system that incorporates concepts
derived from experts in a field and uses their knowledge to provide problem
analysis to users of the software. The most common form of expert system is a computer
program, with a set of rules, that analyzes information (usually
supplied by the user of the system) about a specific class of problems, and
recommends one or more courses of user action. The expert system may also
provide mathematical analysis of the problem(s).
The expert system utilizes what appears to be reasoning capabilities to reach
conclusions. An Executive Information System (EIS) is a type of management information system intended to
facilitate and support the information and decision
making needs of senior executives by providing easy access to both
internal and external information relevant to meeting the strategic
goals of the organization. It is commonly considered as a
specialized form of a Decision Support System (DSS). The emphasis of EIS is on graphical displays and easy-to-use user
interfaces. They offer strong reporting and drill-down capabilities. In general, EIS are enterprise-wide DSS that help top-level
executives analyze, compare, and highlight trends in important variables so that they can
monitor performance and identify opportunities and problems. EIS and data warehousing technologies are
converging in the marketplace.
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